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Growing environment

Kidney beans love warmth and are not frost tolerant. The temperature range for seed germination is 20 to 30 °C, and it cannot germinate below 10 °C or above 40 °C. Seedlings are sensitive to changes in temperature, and they start to lose their green color at a low temperature of 2 to 3 °C for a short period of time, and suffer from freezing damage at 0 °C.

Kidney bean is a short-day plant, but different varieties have different responses to photoperiod, and can be divided into three categories: one is photoperiod-sensitive type, the second is photoperiod-insensitive type, and the third is photoperiod-sensitive type.

Kidney bean has a well-developed root system, many lateral roots, and is more drought tolerant but not waterlogging tolerant. Seeds need to absorb enough water to germinate, but too much water, lack of oxygen in the soil, and seeds are easy to rot. The suitable field water holding capacity during the plant growth period is 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity, and the water requirement during the flowering period is strict, and the suitable air relative humidity is 65-80%.

Kidney beans are most suitable for cultivation in deep, soft, humus-rich soil with good drainage. Sandy loam, loam and general clay can grow, not suitable for cultivation in low wetland and heavy clay. The suitable pH is 6 to 7, and it should not be too acidic or too alkaline. Kidney beans absorb more nitrogen and potassium, but less phosphorus. A certain amount of calcium is also required.

Cultivation Techniques

Planting season: February to April (autumn sowing is also possible from August to September)

nursery

1. It can be direct seeded or transplanted, with 3 to 4 seeds per hole, covered with soil about 2 cm, kept moist, and seedlings emerge in about 1 week. If the weather is too dry, it can be covered with film to keep moisture.

2. If you want to transplant, it should be transplanted as soon as possible. The first pair of true leaves can be transplanted when the first pair of true leaves is unfolded. Because the root regeneration ability is weak, water it thoroughly after planting.

growth management

1. Strict requirements for moisture, like moist but afraid of drought and avoid waterlogging. Watering should be less before flowering, generally not dry and not watered; more watering is required from flowering to pod setting, generally once every 2 to 3 days, and the frequency of watering is appropriately increased when the temperature is high.

2. Fertilization can usually be combined with watering. In the early stage of growth, topdressing decomposed organic fertilizer mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer is applied 2 to 3 times. From flowering to podding stage, decomposed organic fertilizer is sprayed once every 1 to 2 weeks. The requirement is nitrogen. Phosphate-potassium compound fertilizer.

3. When the growth temperature is higher or lower than 15-20, it is easy to drop flowers. In summer, it is necessary to shade and cool down. When the temperature is low, avoid long-term rain. The dwarf varieties do not need to set up brackets, and the creeping varieties can set up brackets or pull vines to climb scaffolds or railings when the plant height is 15 to 20 cm. About 10 days after the flowers fade, the pods are about 10 cm long and can be harvested. When harvesting, grab the pedicel with one hand and pinch off the pod with the other hand. Be careful not to pull the stem and vine too hard.

4. Ridging and film mulching.

Pest Control

Bacterial blight: Soak green beans before sowing, and after drying, mix 1 kg of green bean seeds with 7 grams of 70% oxamid.

Kidney bean anthracnose: 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution, sprayed every 7 days.

Bean rust: 800-1000 times of 50% rust, sprayed every 7 days.

Bean aphid: 10% imidacloprid 2000 times liquid.