This book contains eight chapters of basic molecular biology and genetic theories with interactive exercises and experiments. The interactive exercises are included to enhance understanding among year 1 and year 2 students of Natural Resources Programme. Some of the interactive questions are designed to be an outline for students to prepare notes for revision. Calculation questions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, allele and genotype frequencies are incorporated to ease students practice in these topics. Some worked examples are also included. Instructions for experiments are incorporated in simple active sentences which will ease conduct of practical session in laboratory. These experiments are integrated with footnotes to provide students with extra information and several guided questions for students are also added to expand or assist discussion writing for experiment reports.